帕特莱克 (Michael A. Putlack)：毕业于美国塔夫茨大学，托福教育专家，对托福考试有着深入了解。
波里尔 (Stephen Poirier)：毕业于加拿大韦仕敦大学，历史学硕士，对托福考试的命题与备考有着深入了解。
目錄：
Table of Contents
Introduction ................................................................................................ 4
How to Use This Book .............................................................................. 7
PART I Integrated Writing Task ................................................................. 9
UNIT 01 Anthropology ............................................................................. 14
UNIT 02 Biology I ................................................................................... 21
UNIT 03 Environmental Science I ........................................................... 28
UNIT 04 Health ....................................................................................... 35
UNIT 05 History ...................................................................................... 42
UNIT 06 Archaeology ........................................................................... 49
UNIT 07 Astronomy .............................................................................. 56
UNIT 08 Business .................................................................................. 63
UNIT 09 Biology II ................................................................................. 70
UNIT 10 Environmental Science II ......................................................... 77
PART II Writing for an Academic Discussion Task ............................ 85
UNIT 11 Environmental Science I ........................................................ 90
UNIT 12 Sociology I .............................................................................. 96
UNIT 13 Sociology II .......................................................................... 102
UNIT 14 Environmental Science II ................................................... 108
UNIT 15 Child Studies ...................................................................... 114
UNIT 16 Economics I ........................................................................ 120
UNIT 17 Sociology III ........................................................................ 126
UNIT 18 Urban Development ............................................................ 132
UNIT 19 Economics II ....................................................................... 138
UNIT 20 Environmental Science III ................................................... 144
Actual Test ....................................................................................... 151
內容試閱：
Introduction
.
1.Information on the TOEFL iBT A The Format of the TOEFL iBT
Section
Number of Questions or Tasks
Timing
Score
Reading
20 Questions
? 2 reading passages
? with 10 questions per passage
? approximately 700 words long each
35 Minutes
30 Points
Listening
28 Questions
? 2 conversations
? 5 questions per conversation
? 3 minutes each
? 3 lectures
? 6 questions per lecture
? 4?5 minutes each
36 Minutes
30 Points
Speaking
4 Tasks
? 1 independent speaking task
? 1 personal choice/opinion/experience
? preparation: 15 sec. / response: 45 sec.
? 2 integrated speaking tasks: Read-Listen-Speak
? 1 campus situation topic
reading: 90?115 words (45 sec.)
conversation: 150?180 words (60?80 sec.)
? 1 academic course topic
reading: 90?115 words (50 sec.)
lecture: 150?220 words (60?90 sec.)
? preparation: 30 sec. / response: 60 sec.
? 1 integrated speaking task: Listen-Speak
? 1 academic course topic
lecture: 230?280 words (90?120 sec.)
? preparation: 20 sec. / response: 60 sec.
16 Minutes
30 Points
Writing
2 Tasks
? 1 integrated writing task: Read-Listen-Write
? reading: 250?300 words (3 min.)
? lecture: 250?320 words (2 min.)
? a summary of 150?225 words (20 min.)
? 1 academic discussion task
? a minimum 100-word essay (10 min.)
30 Minutes
30 Points
B What Is New about the TOEFL iBT? The TOEFLiBT is delivered through the Internet in secure test centers around the world at the same time.It tests all four language skills and is taken in the order of Reading， Listening， Speaking， and Writing.The test is about 2 hours long， and all of the four test sections will be completed in one day.Note taking is allowed throughout the entire test， including the Reading section. At the end of the test， all notes are collected and destroyed at the test center.In the Listening section， one lecture may be spoken with a British or Australian accent.There are integrated tasks requiring test takers to combine more than one language skill in the Speaking and Writing sections.In the Speaking section， test takers wear headphones and speak into a microphone when they respond.The responses are recorded and transmitted to ETS’s Online Scoring Network. In the Writing section， test takers must type their responses. Handwriting is not possible.Test scores will be reported online. Test takers can see their scores online 4?8 business days after the test and can also receive a copy of their score report by mail. 2.Information on the Writing Section
The Writing section of the TOEFL iBT measures test takers’ ability to use writing to communicate in an academic environment. This section has two writing tasks. For the first writing task， you will read a passage and listen to a lecture and then answer a question based on what you have read and heard. For the second writing task， you will state and support an opinion in an online classroom discussion.
A Types of Writing Tasks Task 1 Integrated Writing Task
? You will read a short text of about 250-300 words on an academic topic for 3 minutes. You may take notes on the reading passage.
? After reading the text， you will listen to a lecture discussing the same topic from a different perspective for about 2 minutes. You may take notes on the lecture.
? You will have 20 minutes to write a 150-to-225-word summary in response to the question.
Task 2 Writing for an Academic Discussion Task
? You will see a discussion board on a university website that comprises two students responding to a question posted by a professor.
? You will have 10 minutes to read everything and to write a response to the topic in the online post. It should be at least 100 words.
B Types of Writing Questions Integrated Writing Task
? Summarize the points made in the lecture， being sure to explain how they challenge specific claims/arguments made in the reading passage.
This question type accounts for almost all the questions that have been asked on the TOEFL iBT so far.
? Summarize the points made in the lecture， being sure to explain how they cast doubt on specific
points made in the reading passage.
? Summarize the points made in the lecture， being sure to specifically explain how they answer the
problems raised in the reading passage.
Writing for an Academic Discussion Task
? Yes or no questions: These questions require you to agree or disagree with a statement.
? Preference questions: These questions ask you to state a preference between two similar things.
? Open-Ended questions: These questions ask for your own thoughts or opinions on a broad topic.
C Important Features of Evaluation Quality of Response
In the first task， the quality of the response is about how well you integrate and relate information from the reading and listening materials. In the second task， it is about the relevance and depth of your argument.
Language Use
Language use is about the accuracy and range of your grammar and vocabulary. In order to get good grades on the writing tasks， you should be able to use both basic and more complex language structures and choose the appropriate words.
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